C o m m o n      E L E M E N T A R Y      P A R T I C L E S
Wave-Particle Properties / Uncertainty Principle / Conservation Laws
FERMION
Constitute Matter / Exclusion Principle  /  Spin Integral of 1/2
Anti-Particles: Opposite Charge, Same Spin, Annihilate Particles
BOSON
Produce 4 Forces  /  Spin Integral of 0 or 1
LEPTON
Fundamental Particle
Forms Matter
Exist in Pairs
3 Families
QUARK
Fundamental Particle
Forms Matter In
Baryons & Mesons
Not Free in Nature
3 Families  3 Colors -
Red, Blue, Green
Anti-Quarks:
Cyan, Yellow, Magenta
BARYON
Composite
Particle
Forms Matter

3 Quarks -
Color Neutral
MESON
Composite Particle
Quark & Anti-Quark
Charge:
0, +, or -
Unstable -
Annihilation
VECTOR BOSON
Fundamental Particle-Wave
SOME CONSERVATION LAWS
Mass-Energy: E-S-W
Linear Momentum: E-S-W
Angular Momentum: E-S-W
Electric Charge: E-S-W
Baryon #: E-S-W  Lepton #: E-W
Charge Conjugation: E-S
Time Reversal: E-S-W?
TCP: E-S-W?
ELECTRON
Stable
1st Generation
w/ Neutrino, Up,
& Down Quark
Charge: -1  Mass: .511
In Atom Shell Rules
Chemical Reactions
POSITRON
Anti-Electron  /  Stable
UP
Stable
Charge: + 2/3
Mass:  330

DOWN
Stable
Charge:  -1/3
Mass: 333

NUCLEONS
3 Quarks U & D
In Atom Nucleus
PROTON
Stable  Quarks : UUD
Charge: +1  Mass 938.3
NEUTRON
Stable in Nucleus,
Unstable outside
Quarks: DDU  Charge: 0
Mass:  939.6
Decays into Electron,
Proton, & Neutrino
PIONS
Hold Nucleus
Together
Produce Strong
Force via Gluon
Exchange w/
Proton & Neutron can
change one to other
ELECTROMAGNETIC
PHOTON
Stable  Mass: 0  Spin: 1
Strength: .01  Range: Infinite
Decreases w/ Distance,  Causes
Unlike Attraction & Like Repulsion
Can change Electron to Positron or
reverse  /  Symmetry w/ Weak &
Strong at High Energy
Energetic Photon from
Electron-Positron Annihilation
Other More
Massive Leptons
Unstable
4 Other More
Massive Quarks
Unstable
CHARM, STRANGE
TOP,  BOTTOM
Many Other
Baryons
Unstable
Many Other
Baryons
Unstable,  Heavier
than Pions  Made
of Massive Quarks
STRONG - GLOUN
Stable  8 Particles
6-Color, 2-White
Charge: 0  Strength: 1
Range: 10 ( to -13 cm)
Exchange between Quarks
changes Quark Color
NEUTRINOS
Form Pair w/Lepton
Little Interaction
w/ anything
Electron Neutrino
Stable  Charge: 0 Mass: ?
      GRAVITY - GRAVITON
Stable  Charge: 1
Mass: 81  Spin: 0
Strength: 10 (to -38)
Range: Long
Other
Neutrinos
Unstable
      WEAK
W (-)
Unstable  Mass: 81  Charge: 1
Strength: 10 (to -13)
Range: 10 (to -1)
W (+)
Unstable  Mass:81  Charge: -1
Strength: 10 (to -13)
Range: Short,  Decays into
Electron & Anti-Neutrino
Z
Unstable  Mass: 93  Charge: 0
Strength: 10 (to -13)
Range: Short
HIGGS
Unstable  Mass: ?  Charge: 0
Strength: ?  Range: Short
Breaks Electro-Weak
Symmetry at   Low Energy